Numerical modelling of mechanical stresses in bulk superconductor. Superconductor supporting your daily life to be more comfortable. The effect of increased number of layers on ac loss is also observed using the simulation. An adiabatic model has been constructed, to solve one of the five boundary value problems involved in the quench, both in ansys and in comsol. The aim of this paper is to propose a general method to solve the critical state in superconductivity in two dimensions by utilizing the fem modelling package. With more than 30 addon products to choose from, you can further expand the simulation platform with dedicated physics interfaces and tools for. By modeling superconductivity, you can predict what happens to a superconductor when its current density exceeds critical limits.
Comsol multiphysics is a crossplatform finite element analysis, solver and multiphysics simulation software. The dynamics of phase slip centers in a 1d model of superconducting wire was created based on the set of timedependent ginzburglandau equations tdgl. Numerical solution of critical state in superconductivity. For a comprehensive analysis, use the comsol multiphysics software and the acdc module to see how multiple physics affect your design. Artificial neural networks for ac losses prediction in. The asl model is a semianalytical model that estimates numerical data generated by fea using a commercial software comsol. Comsol multiphysics is a generalpurpose software platform, based on advanced numerical methods, for modeling and simulating physicsbased problems. The series is intended both for experts looking to get up to speed on how to model such applications in the comsol. The length of the wire is over a kilometer and the nvalue is over 20 along the length of. The primary goal of the thesis is to build a 1d numerical model representing a superconducting wire based on existing physical models. The general form pde interface of comsol multiphysics simulation software was used.
Simulation of electrothermal transients in superconducting. Modeling of high temperature superconducting tapes, arrays and. How can i simulate a superconducting transition in comsol. Popular answers 1 here is one possibility follow the link based on using the magnetic field formulation interface available in comsol multiphysics to simulate changes in current density and magnetic flux over time, which is measured from the moment that current begins flowing through the wire. Comsol webinar modeling coils and electric devices. This paper presents 3d modeling of hysteresis motor. Transition of a conductor from the superconducting to the normal conducting state. The book in your hands, the acdc module model library, provides details. It allows conventional physicsbased user interfaces and coupled systems of partial differential equations pdes. To model such a material, this example uses the magnetic field formulation physics interface the model was based on a suggestion by dr. Comsol software users who are onsubscription should submit their questions via the support center for a more comprehensive response from the technical support team.
Recovery of the superconducting state comsol conference 2019 bangalore, november 2829, prashant kumar, barc, mumbai 28112019 19. Modeling with comsol multiphysics means being able to move between simulating electromagnetics, structural mechanics, acoustics, fluid flow, heat transfer, and chemical reactions phenomena, or any other physics modeled by a system of pdes, in one software environment. Any software for simulations of superconductors in. Dear colleagues, i need to modeling ac coil to inducting a ac magnetic field for my project. The model calculates the penetration of the magnetic field in the crosssection of a superconducting wire in the critical state subjected to a transverse magnetic field. It is very easy to learn provided one must know the underlying theory behind the simulation, i. The heat transfer from metal to helium goes through different transfer and boiling regimes as a function of temperature, heat. Superconducting wire comsol multiphysics modeling software. The distribution function of nonequilibrium excitations which determine the order parameter and electrical potential within the superconductor is found. To promote the development and optimization of allsuperconducting machines in the future, a 3d finite element model of an allsuperconducting machine is developed based on this formulation in comsol multiphysics 4. For the main dipole of the lhc, this number is 320. Pdf quench simulation of superconducting magnets with. Comsol software users who are onsubscription should submit their questions via the support center for a more comprehensive. The simulation results for the single rectangular tape are verified with the norris equation for a hts tape.
Often the superconductor is in filament form or on a flat metal substrate encapsulated in a copper or aluminum matrix that carries the current should. The sof tware may be used or copied only under the terms of the license agreement. The main objective of the thesis is to build a quench simulation model of superconducting wire, based on finite element method fem, using general purpose commercial multiphysics software packages, and to validate and compare the model with cern in house software that. Superconducting wires are wires made of superconductors. Most electromagnetic components, devices, and products are affected by another branch of physics, whether it be heat transfer, structural mechanics, or. When modeling a superconducting magnet, one of the challenges is accounting for the number of half turns. Quench simulation of superconducting magnets with commercial. Comsol multiphysics and solidworks software interface via livelink for solidworks. Additionally, some interesting results regarding the penetration behavior of current density and electric field of high temperature superconductors are shown. In this set of six tutorial models and associated documentation, you can investigate the capacitive, inductive, and thermal properties of a standard threecore leadsheathed crosslinked polyethylene, highvoltage alternating current xlpe hvac submarine cable 500 mm 2, 220 kv. The practical output of the model is a set of analytical formulae relying on all the magnetic field environment parameters b m, f, k. Modeling superconductivity in a ybco wire comsol multiphysics.
Superconducting wire also known as superconducting strand is the basic element of the. Some of the distinct advantages i have experienced are. Well use the magnetic field formulation interface available in comsol multiphysics to simulate changes in current density and magnetic flux over time, which is measured from the moment that current begins flowing through the wire. As can be seen from the figures, the crosssection of the superconducting wire carrying ac transport current is.
Superconducting wires advantages over copper or aluminum include higher maximum current. Yttriumbased superconducting wire is one of the hightemperature superconductors and is expected to be in practical uses for various applications as the 2nd generation following bismuthbased superconducting wire. Building an electrothermal model of a superconducting magnet. To promote the development and optimization of all superconducting machines in the future, a 3d finite element model of an all superconducting machine is developed based on this formulation in comsol multiphysics 4. Well use the magnetic field formulation interface available in comsol multiphysics to simulate changes in current density and magnetic flux. Superconducting wire is made of superconducting materials which, when cooled below its transition temperature, has zero electrical resistance see the image to the right.
The simulation of quenches in superconducting magnets is a multiphysics problem of highest complexity. Simulation of ac loss in high temperature superconducting cable. Quench simulation of superconducting magnets with commercial multiphysics software. Simulation of ac loss in superconducting cable using comsol. The comsol multiphysics software may be installed and operated on up to four 4 individual computers, provided it is only accessible to, and operated by, a single licensed user designated by us as the named user for that license and. A tunneling contact between a superconductor and a normal metal under the influence of an external electromagnetic field is considered. In this presentation, we demonstrate modeling a submarine cable, discussing topics such as capacitive, inductive, and thermal analyses. In this paper simulation of the alternating current loss ac loss in a high temperature superconducting tape and a hts cable having 4 layers of polygon conductors using comsol multiphysics software has been reported. Simulating the electrothermal transients in superconducting. The implementation in the commercially available fem software comsol is shown together with the underlying equations used in the simulation setup together with some exemplary simulations. Lets see how the flexibility and functionality of the comsol multiphysics software helped them to simulate this complex design.
Benchmark on the 3d numerical modeling of a superconducting bulk. Here is one possibility follow the link based on using the magnetic field formulation interface available in comsol multiphysics to simulate changes in. The implementation in the commercially available fem software comsol is shown. Simulation of high temperature superconducting hysteresis. Regarding the 3d characteristics of the problem, there are three independent variables h h x, h y, h z t. The magnetic field trapping capability of a bulk superconductor is essentially determined by. Comsol installation and operations guide copyright 19982010 comsol ab.
Superconducting materials have zero resistivity up to a certain critical current density, above which the resistivity increases rapidly. Extensive information about command line modeling using comsol script is available in yet another book, the comsol multiphysics scripting guide. Comsol provides an ide and unified workflow for electrical, mechanical, fluid, acoustics and chemical applications. Comsol is one of the best software to date for multiphysics applications. Comsol multiphysics software understand, predict, and optimize. Evaluation of ac loss and temperature distribution in high temperature superconducting tape using comsol multiphysics g konar 1, power engineering department, jadavpur university, india n chakraborty 2, power engineering department, jadavpur university, india lb8, sectoriii, jadavpur university saltlake campus, kolkata700098.
Numerical solution of critical state in superconductivity by. The wire is at the center, while the outer domain is air. Most commonly, conventional superconductors such as niobiumtitanium are used, but hightemperature superconductors such as ybco are entering the market. Critical surface of nbti external disturbances causes quench mechanical events wire motion under lorentz force winding deformations and failures electromagnetic events fluxjumping, ac loss most magnet types. Evaluation of ac loss and temperature distribution. We simulate the electromagnetic response of the superconducting wire by incorporating the hformulation in the fem commercial software comsol.
Quench simulation of superconducting magnets with commercial multiphysics. Set up the model environment in comsol multiphysics 18. In the comsol software, i used 2d magnetic field physics mf and multiturn coil. Simulation of ac loss in high temperature superconducting. The entire geometry of the superconducting wire model. Mar 09, 2017 lets see how the flexibility and functionality of the comsol multiphysics software helped them to simulate this complex design. Most electromagnetic components, devices, and products are affected by another branch of physics, whether it be heat transfer, structural mechanics, or acoustics, to name a few.
Simulation setup for modeling the thermal, electric, and. To download the mphfiles, log in or create a comsol access account that is associated with a valid comsol license. The comsol multiphysics software enables the simulation of designs involving coupled physics em, mechanics, acoustics, fluid flow, heat transfer, chemical reactions, etc and the creation of easytouse apps. The main objective of the thesis is to build a quench simulation model of superconducting wire, based on finite element method fem, using general purpose commercial multiphysics software packages, and to validate and compare the model with cern in house software that was specifically built for this purpose. Modelling superconducting wires in comsol multphysics. In section 3, detailed results and discussion are presented. Did you know that designing electrical systems and devices is faster and cheaper with simulation. May 06, 2014 well use the magnetic field formulation interface available in comsol multiphysics to simulate changes in current density and magnetic flux over time, which is measured from the moment that current begins flowing through the wire. Simulation of electrothermal transients in superconducting accelerator magnets with comsol multiphysics l. The fem software being used in this paper is comsol multiphysics 3. With comsol multiphysics, you will be able to account for coupled or multiphysics phenomena. Mtc superconducting wire mgb2 htc superconducting wire bismuth tape ybc engineering current density j eng j commercial.
Dc characterization of a circular, epoxy impregnated high. The model calculates current densityfield distribution in a superconducting wire in the. Simulation setup for modeling the thermal, electric, and magnetic. The software described in th is document is furnished under a license agreement. Shaker verlag, aachen, 1999 comsol acdc module library, general industrial application models, superconducting wire, version. Modeling superconductivity in a ybco wire comsol blog. When cooled below their transition temperatures, they have zero electrical resistance.
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